Jonah Richard Lehrer (born June 25, 1981) is an American author. Lehrer studied neuroscience at Columbia University and was a Rhodes Scholar. After that, he built a media career that integrates science and humanity content to address the broad aspects of human behavior. Between 2007 and 2012 Lehrer publishes three best-seller non-fiction books, and also writes regularly for The New Yorker and Wired.com .
Beginning in 2012, Lehrer was found to have routinely recycled previous work, plagiarized many of his co-workers, and misused quotes and facts. His third book, Imagine: How Work Creativity (2012) began investigating when freelance journalist Michael Moynihan identified several manufacturers including six quotes attributed to musician Bob Dylan. Imagine and Lehrer's previous book How We Decided (2009) were recalled after the publisher's internal review found significant issues in the material. He was also fired from The New Yorker and Wired . In 2016, Lehrer publishes Books About Love , negative reviews.
Video Jonah Lehrer
Kehidupan awal, pendidikan, pekerjaan
Jonah Richard Lehrer was born on June 25, 1981, in Los Feliz, Los Angeles. His mother, Ariella (born Jean Hively), an educational software developer, turned to Judaism to marry his father, David Lehrer, a civil rights lawyer.
Lehrer graduated from North Hollywood High School. When he was 15, he won $ 1,000 in an essay contest run by NASDAQ. In 2000, he worked as a line cook at Midtown Manhattan restaurants, Le Cirque and Le Bernardin.
Maps Jonah Lehrer
Colleges and universities
Lehrer majored in neuroscience at Columbia University. While a scholar, he worked in Eric Kandel's lab, "examining the biological processes of memory and what happens in the brain at the molecular level when one remembers or forgets information". He appears in one of the published papers of the laboratory, as the fourth of eight authors on a major report in a collaborative genetic study of three laboratories that characterize homologous of the human DYRK1A gene from the model organisms of C. elegans , a gene believed to "plays an important role in the neuropathology of Down syndrome".
While at Columbia, Lehrer also contributed to the Columbia Review, and became his editor for two years. Lehrer was a recipient of the Rhodes Scholarship 2003, supporting his studies at Wolfson College at Oxford University; while he is reported to have planned to study "philosophy, physiology and psychology", he was later reported to study 20th century literature and philosophy.
Writing career
Online print and magazine
Lehrer telah menulis untuk The New Yorker (Juli 2008-Maret 2012; staf penulis Juni 2012), Wired (Juli 2010-Juni 2012) Pikiran Ilmiah Amerika i> (Juni 2008-Juli 2009), Grantland , The Wall Street Journal , dan The Boston Globe , serta jurnal Nature , dan Seed magazine.
Lehrer has contributed editorial roles in various publications, including on Scientific American Mind (2009-2012) and for Radiolab (2007-2012, 38 episodes).
Lehrer resigned from The New Yorker on July 30, 2012, after fake allegations of Bob Dylan's excerpts in Imagine appeared. On August 31, 2012, editor-in-chief, Evan Hansen, who stated that Lehrer "failed to meet... editorial standards", broke up the relationship between the place and the author.
Books
Lehrer is the author of three best-selling books: Proust Was a Neuroscientist (2007), How We Decided (2009), and Imagine: How Creativity Works 2012). These last two books have been withdrawn from the market by their publishers after "internal review found significant problems" with the books. These and other works by Lehrer have been characterized as having misused quotations and facts, plagiarizing press releases and written works, and having recycled previously published works.
Plagiarism and quote fabrication scandal
Self-plagiarism findings
On June 19, 2012, Joe Coscarelli of the New York magazine and Josh Levin of Slate reported that five posts by Lehrer at The New Yorker blog have used returning significant and identical parts of his own work without acknowledging having done so, referring to practice as "self-plagiarism". Additionally, Edward Champion reports that part of Imagine: How Creativity Works has been previously published in various forms by Lehrer, and that he has reused parts of his book, without being linked, in a publication submitted further , for example,
- [Lehrer's] Proust Was a Neuroscientist (2007), p.Ã, 185:
The most mysterious thing about the human brain is the more we know it, the deeper in our own mystery.
- [Lehrer's] Reviews on Out of Our Heads, by Alva NoÃÆ'Â «. San Francisco Chronicle (March 1, 2009):
The most mysterious thing about the human brain is the more we know it, the deeper in our own mystery.
The five New Yorker blog posts now appear on magazine websites with a list of editorial notes where Lehrer has previously published related sentences, a list that includes The Wall Street Journal , The Boston Globe , Wired , and The Guardian . In response shortly afterwards, a spokesman for Lehrer publisher, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH), stated: "[Lehrer] has the right to the relevant article, so no permission is required.He will add a language in a thank you statement stating work before. "Lehrer apologizes for reusing his own work. In related matters, the correction was added to a January 30, 2012 article by Lehrer on the New Yorker website, noting that the excerpt published in the original version of the article has been taken from someone else's work. author, Peter Dizikes, in another publication, MIT Technology Review (ie, without permission or attribution). Imagine fabrication, New Yorker withdrawal
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The seriousness of the disclosure then increased. A few weeks later, Michael C. Moynihan reported on Tablet Magazine that Lehrer had made a quote attributed to singer Bob Dylan in his book Imagine Moynihan discuss his findings at length with Mark Colvin , host of ABC News Australia program ' Final Friday. Moynihan then noted that the quote sounded fake as he read the book: they "sounded like Dylan's self-help book", which led him to seek clarification from Lehrer and Dylan's manager. In a subsequent statement, Lehrer acknowledged, "The quote does not exist, is an accidental misjudgment, or represents an incorrect combination of previously quoted quotations." He also admitted initially lied about the source of these quotes to Moynihan when first confronted them.
At the storytelling show, Jonah Lehrer explains what happened: "I've been a lifelong Dylan fan and familiar with the approximate version of what he said, so I include estimates to make it sound better, as if I really did my homework, and then I forgot they were there. "
After the plagiarism announcement, Lehrer resigned from The New Yorker on July 30, 2012, less than two months after he joined the staff. Some appointments scheduled to be canceled. In the days and weeks that followed, report the scope of the problem, and related criticism, go on. Colleen Curry of ABC News in the US compares Lehrer in mid-July to "Publishing... Notorious Offenders", Janet Cooke, Stephen Glass, and Jayson Blair.
Withdrawal Imagine
The publisher of Lehrer, for Imagine and for his two main works, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, announces that unsold copies of the book will be withdrawn and the sale of e-books will be suspended. HMH was later reported, in early August, to have placed all Lehrer books they had published under internal reviews.
Extended views and consequences
On July 31, 2012, New York Public Radio issued a statement, calling Lehrer "a talented and valuable companion" and stated that they were "deeply saddened by the news" from the previous week, which further discusses Lehrer's role as an editor who contributes there , between 2007 and 2012. The statement stated that his work at NPR's premises is not tainted, due to their applied journalistic supervision. The substance of their statement is
Jonah Lehrer has been a regular contributor to Radiolab as an "explorer", making technical science more accessible and bringing much-needed significance to new scientific research. He has become a lively and interesting voice and has helped make the history of science come alive for listeners.... Radiolab has not used Jonah as a stand-alone authority on any topic in an episode. Instead, it has brought new research to the attention of the program and producers in turn have interviewed primary sources and researchers, assembling sounds together as part of a chorus - the reporting style that defines Radiolab. Since Jonah has not been in the role of reporter for Radiolab and we have used standardized journalism practices in producing episodes, we have no reason to believe his work with Radiolab is compromised. But we will review the job as needed.
The last episode that Lehrer appears to contribute to, "The 'Decline Effect' and Scientific Truth ', which aired on June 29, 2012, contains comments that show audio editing to make two corrections to the content - one to a quantitative factual statement, the second on citation attribution - without reference to any individual in the responsible program.
On August 10, 2012, Steve Myers at Poynter.org reported that excerpts from Teller wizards from the Penn and Teller performance duo that have been included in Imagine are not accurate, but the previous citation versions, which Lehrer used for the magazine article Wired , was accurate. Behind the disclosure, Wired.com asked journalism professor Charles Seife to investigate Lehrer's writings on his website. Writing on Slate.com (after Wired.com refused to publish his findings), Seife stated that he had found 17 samples from 18 Lehrer posts containing long-lasting recycled works, as well as plagiarisms of press releases and written works, and problems with misuse of quotations and facts. He sums up his invention in this way:
I'm sure Lehrer has an arrogant attitude about truth and falsehood. This shows not only in his attitude to quotations but in some other detail of his writings. And a reporter who repeatedly fails to correct mistakes when they are pointed out is, in my opinion, showing an exaggerated indifference to the truth./Therefore, my opinion is that Lehrer plagiarized the work of others, published inaccurate quotations, printed false narrative details, and failed to resolve errors when pointed out.
On August 31, 2012, Wired.com's chief editor, Evan Hansen, stated: "Lehrer's failure to meet WIRED's editorial standards leaves us no choice but to disconnect."
In addition, reports appear to indicate the systematic cancellation of many lectures scheduled by Lehrer, including addresses to the Global Public Relations Summit Holmes Summit and Iowa State University Technical College, book signing tickets at Aliso Creek Inn in Laguna Beach, California, and an appearance as part of Robert Simpson Charles Lectureship in Ethics at Earlham College.
In The New Republic, Isaac Chotiner gave mostly negative reviews for Imagine in June 2012. He accused Lehrer of overly simplifying complicated scientific issues and accustomed to using "slick language", such as treating > creativity and imagination as synonyms when they describe different phenomena. After the disclosure of Neck plagiarism and data forgery, Chotinier returns Imagine in 2013:
If I had known about Lehrer's deception before writing my work, I would try to argue that the book would be as absurd and absurd even if every word is true. [...] The fact that such a terrible work can be written by such a serious writer is somehow more disturbing than the knowledge that an overly confident journalist creates multiple quotes.
Ronson's So You Have Been Publicly Abandoned
The controversy surrounding Lehrer's misuse of Bob Dylan quotes in Imagine and his speech in February 2013 to the enormous Knight Foundation figure in Jon Ronson's 2015 book, So You're Shamed Publiced. Ronson argues that the media's response to the malpractice of Lehrer malpractice is tantamount to embarrassing, and that is extreme and excessive. Ronson's conclusion is the concern of media commentators, who argue that the media has not been "too difficult". In judging Ronson's book in March 2015, Daniel Engber of Slate.com argues that Knight Foundation Lehrer's apology (see above) and Ronson's view of Lehrer's actions and apology failed to address the full extent of Lehrer's malpractice; State of Engber
Lehrer's offense goes deeper. In Imagine, he not only makes a quote from Bob Dylan; he spun the words and reversed the meaning. (Per Moynihan, for example, he points out that Dylan "went on a rampage" and began tearing up his papers when his writing did not go well, but in context, the sentence from Marianne Faithfull, quoted in Dylan's Behind Shades, does not refer to the author's block, but for his sexual frustration.) Lehrer also made a quote from WH Auden and Raymond Teller, and misrepresented their beliefs. He copied a lot. (Among the victims seems to have been his former colleague Malcolm Gladwell.) Lehrer's publisher hired a fact-checker to take a closer look at the book, and then pulled the remaining copies off the shelf.
Engber concludes that Lehrer's catalog of inaccuracies is "not carelessness or rash of stupid mistakes, at best, that is a systematic disregard for journalistic ethics." The worst scam, it counts. "
Affirmation Proust , remember How We Decide
In March 2013, the publisher Lehrer, HMH determined that his first book, Proust Was a Neuroscientist (2007), had no significant problems and would remain in print. However, adding a disgrace from Imagine recall and disconnect with The New Yorker and Wired.com , Lehrer publishers announced at the same time. then his second book, How We Decided (2009) will also be withdrawn.
Apology
On February 12, 2013, Lehrer gave a paid speech to John S. and James L. Knight Foundation; titled "My Apology", his speech includes the following content:
I am the author of a book about the best known creativity because it contains some excerpts made up by Bob Dylan. I do plagiarism on my blog, take, without credit or quote, the entire paragraph of Christian Jarrett's blog. I lied, over and over, to a reporter named Michael Moynihan to cover Dylan's fabrication.
Lehrer also announced plans to continue writing, and talked about potential safeguards to prevent similar deviations in the assessment and accuracy of the recurring; at one point he stated, "I need the rules." The Knight Foundation acknowledged Lehrer's offer cost $ 20,000 for the talk show, which he had received.
Various media commentators have criticized the speech, arguing that Lehrer did not express enough regret and found Lehrer's attempt to use neuroscience to discuss his evasive and misleading behavior. Daniel Engber wrote in Slate that his speech was "written in an elaborate and puzzling neglect". Joseph Nocera of The New York Times wrote that "When the apology goes, it's equally arrogant and sad." Michael Moynihan, who broke the fabrication story Imagine , reported (by Jon Ronson, see below) for describing it as "Gladwellian nonsense string". A day after the speech, the foundation issued a statement acknowledging that Lehrer's charges were "not something called Knight Foundation, given our values, should be paid".
In March 2015, Lehrer appeared to offer a repeated form of apology for his mistake, in the student forum, where he reportedly received no honorarium, according to a report in the publication of Fresno State University students, The Collegian ; at one such forum in Fresno State, Lehrer stated that his huge workload caused "a very serious mistake. I took more projects than I could handle." With regard to the quotations Dylan acknowledged he had made, Lehrer specifically cited the pressure he felt from the deadline to complete Imagine . Lehrer now states that he "records all interviews for reference" and "sends the interview subject he will use".
Awards and acknowledgments
While at Columbia University, Lehrer received the Dean Hawkes Memorial Award from Columbia in Humanity, in a tie for second place for the award.
Next project and news
On June 6, 2013, Simon & amp; Schuster announced he would publish a book by Lehrer with the title of The Book of Love. In Slate.com, Daniel Engber suggests Lehrer may have plagiarized part of his book proposal from his former work. New Yorker colleague Adam Gopnik. Both have written about the same episode in Darwin's life, using the same biography (ie Desmond and Moore) as the source. The book is published as a Book of Love in 2016. Reviewing it in The New York Times , Jennifer Senior describes it as "Nonfiction McMuffin" and "Cheeky original, "contains" a lot of pitches of advice "and" a series of duckpin arguments, just waiting to be dropped. " He concluded, "Maybe Mr. Lehrer has changed - personally, but not enough as a writer, I'm afraid it may be time, finally, for him to find something else to do."
In March 2014, Lehrer began posting blog entries on scholarly subjects interested in him at jonahlehrer.com ; in the opening post, "Welcome to my blog," Lehrer thanked his readers, expressed a desire to regain their trust, and pointed out that "where possible, all the material will be sent to relevant researchers for their approval.If it is not possible, independent fact checkers will check it out. "
In November 2014, the Associated Press (AP) announced that Portfolio, a Random House pilot, has earned the rights to a work entitled, Digital Thoughts: How We Think and behave Differently on the Screen, "co-authored by Lehrer and Shlomo Benartzi", the latter a behavioral economist, and professor and co-chair of the Behavioral Decision Making Group at UCLA Anderson Management School. Adrian Zackheim of Portfolio is reported by the AP as stating that while "the responsible publisher can completely ignore his past mistakes... the prospect of working with him is also fantastically appealing," and like describing Lehrer as "one of the most talented nonfiction writers of his generation".
The initial characterization of the proposed work proves to be inaccurate with regard to the final book being released. Benartzi business professor is involved with the title of a new Portfolio involving Lehrer, titled Smart Screens: Shocking Ways to Influence and Improve Online Behavior (alternative subtitles, What Your Business Can Learn from a Think Online Consumer ); Lehrer is listed as a contributor, rather than his co-author Carlos Lozada of The Washington Post noted that the name Lehrer appears on the cover "in a much smaller size than the name Benartzi" Lehrer is described by the publisher as a "science writer who lives in Los Angeles ", and only a photo of Benartzi appeared on the jacket.
Personal life
In 2008 Lehrer married journalist Sarah Liebowitz. The couple has two children: Rose, born in 2011, and a son. Lehrer bought Shulman's historic house in Los Angeles in 2010.
Bibliography
In 2016, four books have shown Lehrer which is a writer or contributor presented as a cover; two have been withdrawn.
Books written, left in print (first hard copy listed):
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Proust Was a Neuroscientist . Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2007. ISBN: 9780618620104. - Love About Book . Simon & amp; Schuster. 2016. ISBN: 9781476761411.
Books with contributions do not go up to the author, in print:
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Benartzi, Shlomo, with Jonah Lehrer (2015). The Smarter Screen: A Shocking Way to Influence and Improve Online Behavior . New York, NY: Penguin-Portfolio. ISBN: 9781591847861. CS1 maint: Many names: list of authors (links) Also appear as -, - (2015). The Smarter Screen: What Your Business Can Learn from The Way of Consumers Thinking Online . London, ENG: Piatkus-Little Brown. ISBN: 9780349410395. Second release, October 6th.
Books written, drawn (first registered hardcopy issue):
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-, (2009). How We Decided . Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN: 9780618620111. - -, (2012). Imagine: How Creativity Works . Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN: 9780670064557.
Description
In print
Proust Was a Neuroscientist is a collection of biographical essays on creative personalities such as Marcel Proust, Paul CÃÆ'Â © zanne, Walt Whitman, and Auguste Escoffier.
Chris McManus, professor of psychology and medical education, University College London, writes in Nature, opens his review, saying, 'Oh no, he is not!' may also be the answer to... Lehrer's claim..., "keep in mind that while" Lehrer's arrogance of the artist as a neurologist is not unique "(Semir Ziki and Patrick Cavanaugh have preceded it with common points), that" the [artist's] impression is not an experiment or science "and that" pride remains exactly that, if the term 'neurologist' is maintaining a serious meaning. "McManus goes on to quote Lehrer, with this analysis:
What did Proust learn from the crumbs of sugar, flour, and butter heads [Lehrer asks]? He really understands a lot about the structure of our brain. "This intuition includes" smell and taste are the only senses connected directly to the hippocampus, the center of the long-term memory of the brain, [while] all other senses are first processed by the thalamus, the source of the language and the front door to consciousness. "[McManus concludes:] If it really does affix this anatomy, it is unfortunate that the tasting path is wrong, and few regard thalamus as the source of the language.
On a more positive note, McManus notes that "The most interesting part of Proust... is a manifesto on art and science in the introduction and coda" beginning with C.P. Snow; however, Lehrer proceeds (note McManus) with "attacks" on Richard Dawkins, Brian Greene, Steven Pinker, and E. O. Wilson for failing to engage in "equal dialogue" with nonscientists. McManus concludes, stating that while Lehrer's notion of a "fourth culture" is a "big dream", "attempts at it fail" because neuroscience arranged by Lehrer "seems to be a 'tortuous', undermines central pride - for what artist who will take part in such trivial matters? "
Nonscientists, on the other hand, mostly offer praise for Proust. Science journalist and Guggenheim Fellow DT Max described it to The New York Times as a "precocious and exciting textbook that tries to improve the rips of centuries between literary and scientific literature". A review by music critic Helen Brown in The Telegraph states, "Lehrer is a very intelligent young man whose writings bear testimony to the clarity of his scientific and humanitarian training in his literary studies." Whitmanesque Electricity of all the minds and hearts that he has insert into this book from every sentence. "Jonathon Keats in Salon , writes as an artist, approaches" pride "recorded by McManus from the opposite perspective, and describes Proust written "arbitrarily and often inaccurately".
On June 6, 2013, Simon & amp; Schuster announced he would publish a book by Lehrer with the title of The Book of Love. In Slate.com, Daniel Engber suggests Lehrer may have plagiarized part of his book proposal from his former work. New Yorker colleague Adam Gopnik. Both have written about the same episode in Darwin's life, using the same biography (ie Desmond and Moore) as the source. The book is published as a Book of Love in 2016. Reviewing it in The New York Times , Jennifer Senior describes it as "Nonfiction McMuffin" and "Cheeky original, "contains" a lot of pitches of advice "and" a series of duckpin arguments, just waiting to be dropped. " He concluded, "Maybe Mr. Lehrer has changed - personally, but not enough as a writer, I'm afraid it may be time, finally, for him to find something else to do." Withdraw
In How We Decide , Lehrer argues that two major parts of the brain are involved in decision making, rational and emotional. Steven Berlin Johnson, a technology writer with British semiotics and literature training, reviewed How We Decided for The New York Times long before the withdrawal from the market during Imagine fabrication scandal (see below), where he writes:
Explaining decision-making on a neuron scale makes a challenging task, but Lehrer handles it with confidence and elegance. As an introduction to the cognitive struggle between the 'executive' rational 'executive' centers of the brain and its more intuitive territory, the The Way We Decide works with great panache.
Adam Kepecs, however, wrote in the journal Nature that is part of the book in question based on current understanding of neuroscience. For example, Kepecs notes that "Lehrer's insistence on connecting decisions to emotional or rational brains" is "problematic" because there is "no evidence that the brain has a different and opposite rational and emotional region." Kepec laments that Lehrer's writing is "neurobabble [which] has unfortunately become commonplace in science journalism."
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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