SpongeBob SquarePants is a fictitious character, titular character and protagonist of an American animated television series of the same name. She is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny and first appeared on television in the pilot episode of the "Help Wanted" series on May 1, 1999.
SpongeBob was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg, who began developing the show shortly after the cancellation of Rocko's Modern Life in 1996. Hillenburg intends to make a series on the life of a sea sponge that is too optimistic. in the underwater city. Hillenburg compares the character personality to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman. As he draws the characters, he decides that a "square clean" like a kitchen sponge conforms to his concept. The character's name comes from "Bob the Sponge", host of the comic strip of Hillenburg The Intertidal Zone which he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors from the Ocean Institute. SpongeBob is a naïve and silly sponge that works as a fried cook at the Krusty Krab.
The characters have received positive critical responses from media critics and achieved popularity with children and adults, although he has been involved in public controversy. SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance, which James Dobson criticized from Focus on the Family for its association with homosexuality.
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SpongeBob is described as a kind, optimistic, naïf, and enthusiastic, yellow sponge that is in the lower city of Bikini Bottom along with a variety of anthropomorphic aquatic creatures. She works as a fried cook at a local fast food restaurant, Krusty Krab, with whom she is obsessed. At work, SpongeBob answers Eugene Krabs's question, a greedy crab that shows SpongeBob, next to his grumpy and arrogant neighbor, Squidward Tentacles. His hobbies include jellyfishing, practicing karate at ground level, and blowing bubbles.
SpongeBob is often seen hanging out with his best friend Patrick Star, one of his neighbors. SpongeBob's unlimited spontaneous joy often makes him see the results of the efforts and personalities of the people around him happier than he really is; for example, he believes that Squidward Tentacles enjoys his company despite the fact that he clearly hates him. SpongeBob's greatest goal in life is to receive his driving license from school driving Mrs. boat. Puff, but he panicked and crashed every time he boarded the boat. She lives in a submerged pineapple with her pet snail Gary.
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Character
Conception
Stephen Hillenburg was first fascinated with the ocean as a child. Also at a young age, he began to develop his artistic abilities. During college, he majored in marine biology and studied art. He plans to return to college in the end to pursue a master's degree in art. After graduating in 1984, he joined the Ocean Institute, an organization in Dana Point, California, dedicated to educating the public about marine science and maritime history. When he was there, he initially had an idea that would lead to the creation of SpongeBob SquarePants : a comic book titled The Intertidal Zone . The host of the comic is "Bob the Sponge" which, unlike SpongeBob, resembles a real sea sponge. In 1987, Hillenburg left the institute to pursue an animated career.
A few years after studying experimental animation at the California Institute of Art, Hillenburg met Joe Murray, creator of Rocko's Modern Life, at an animated festival, and was offered a job as director of the series.. While working on the series, Hillenburg meets with writer Martin Olson, who saw the previous comic The Intertidal Zone . Olson liked the idea and suggested Hillenburg to create a series of marine animals. Hillenburg said, "a show... I do not even think to make a show... and it's not my show". This spurred his decision to create SpongeBob SquarePants and said, "It was an inspiration for the show".
Rocko Modern Life ended in 1996. Shortly after, Hillenburg began working on SpongeBob SquarePants . For the character of the show, Hillenburg began drawing and taking on some characters from his comics - such as starfish, crabs, and sponges. At that time, Hillenburg knew that "everyone is doing buddy shows" - such as The Ren & amp; Stimpy Show - and thought that "I can not do a friend show," so he decided to do a "one character" show instead. He contains a sponge as a title character because, according to him, it is "the weirdest animal." Hillenburg got the character name from Bob the Sponge, host of the comic strip of The Intertidal Zone , after changing it from SpongeBoy due to trademark issues.
Creation and design
Hillenburg has made some "terrible imitations" before he finally understands his character. Hillenburg compares the concept with Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman. She said, "I think SpongeBob was born from my love of Laurel and Hardy shorts You have some kind of idiot-buddy situation - that's a big influence SpongeBob is inspired by such characters: The innocent - a la Stan Laurel.
The first sketch concept describes the character as wearing a red hat with a green base and a white business shirt with a tie. SpongeBob's display slowly turns into a brown pants used in the final design. SpongeBob is designed to be like a silly and upbeat kid character in a style similar to that made famous by Jerry Lewis.
Originally the character was named SpongeBoy but this name is already in use. This was discovered after a vote of acting for the original seven-minute pilot was recorded in 1997. The Nickelodeon legal department found that the name was already used for mop products. After finding this, Hillenburg decided that the name of the given character still had to contain "Sponge" so the viewer would not mistake the character for "Cheese Man." Hillenburg decided to use the name "SpongeBob." He chose "SquarePants" as his surname because it refers to the square shape of the character and has a "nice ring to it".
Although SpongeBob driver's license said his birth date was July 14, 1986, Hillenburg joked that he was fifty in "sponge year". He explains that SpongeBob actually has no specific age, but that he's mature enough to be himself and still going to school. The decision to have SpongeBob attend a boat driving school was made due to a request from Nickelodeon that the character attended the school.
Voice
SpongeBob is voiced by veteran voice actor Tom Kenny. Kenny previously worked with Hillenburg on Rocko's Modern Life, and when Hillenburg created SpongeBob SquarePants, he approached Kenny to voice his character. Hillenburg takes advantage of Kenny's personality and others to help create SpongeBob's personality.
SpongeBob's voice was originally used by Kenny for a small background character in Rocko's Modern Life. Kenny forgot his initial voice as he created it only for that single use. However, Hillenburg remembers when she came up with SpongeBob and used an episode video clip to remind Kenny of the sound. When Hillenburg heard Kenny make the sound, he said, "That's it - I do not want to hear anyone else's voice We have SpongeBob." He says it to Nickelodeon; However, the network said, "All right, let's listen to more than 100 people." Kenny said, "But one of the advantages of having a strong creator is that the creator can say, 'No, I like it - I do not care about celebrities.'" "Kenny says that SpongeBob's high-pitched laughter is specifically aimed at being unique, that they wanted an irritating laugh in the traditions of Popeye and Woody Woodpecker.
SpongeBob's voice evolved from "low-key" to high notes. Kenny said, "I heard the change, I heard it.This is mostly a tone issue." He says that "It's unconscious on my part" because "I do not wake up and think, 'Hmm, I'm going to change SpongeBob's voice today, just for that.' He described it as "It's like erosion: a very slow process." Over time, you need to take it to places and more places, the more stories and scripts you take. Comparing the first season episode with the seventh season, Kenny said that "there was a slight change [in the vote], but I do not think it's that extreme at all."
When SpongeBob SquarePants is broadcast in non-English, the voice actor dubbing SpongeBob's voice using Tom Kenny brings the character as a starting point but also adds a unique element. For example, in the French version of this series, SpongeBob speaks with a little Daffy Duck-style style.
Reception
Critical reception
Throughout the SpongeBob SquarePants process, the SpongeBob character has become popular with both children and adults. In June 2010, Entertainment Weekly named it as one of the "100 Greatest People in the Last 20 Years". TV Guide lists SpongeBob SquarePants No. 9 in the list of "50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time". However, not all critical reception for the character has been positive. "Top 10: Criticize '90s Cartoon Character AskMen" rank SpongeBob No. 4, says that a well-intentioned attitude is very disturbing.
James Poniewozik of Time magazine considers the character to be "anti-Bart Simpson, temperamentally and physically: his head is as smooth and neat as Bart is not unmanageable, and he has a personality to match-caution, optimism and blind to error in the world and the people around him ". The New York Times critic Joyce Millman said, "His relentless joy would be a nuisance if he's not so loved and his world is so weird... Like Pee-wee Playhouse, SpongeBob with happily dancing in the fine line between childhood and adulthood, without sin and the camp, the curved and the cute ". Robert Thompson, a professor of communications and director of the Center for Popular Television Studies at Syracuse University, told The New York Times: "There is something unique about [SpongeBob.] It seems to be a refreshing breath from the pre-ironic era There's no aesthetic sense of elbows-in-ribs, tongue-in-cheek that so permeated the rest of American culture-including children's shows like Rugrats. "I think what's subversive about it is a very naive thing- intentionally. Since there is nothing in it that tries to be hip or cool or anything, hipness can be grafted into it ".
In a 2007 interview with TV Guide, Barack Obama named SpongeBob as his favorite character, and admitted that SpongeBob SquarePants was the "show I watched with my daughters". British Prime Minister Gordon Brown also said he was watching the show with his children.
Criticism and controversy
In 2005, a promotional video showing SpongeBob along with other characters from children's shows singing together to promote diversity and tolerance, was criticized by Christian evangelical groups in the United States because they saw the SpongeBob character used as an advocate for homosexuality despite videos containing " no reference to sex, sexual life or sexual identity. " James Dobson of Focus on the Family accused video-makers of promoting homosexuality because the gay rights group sponsored the video.
The incident raises the question of whether SpongeBob is a homosexual character or not. In 2002, when SpongeBob's popularity with gay men grew, Hillenburg denied the gay SpongeBob. He explained that he thought the character was "almost asexual;" he has been shown in various episodes to regenerate his limbs and reproduce with "buds", like a real sponge. After Dobson's comments, Hillenburg reiterated that sexual preferences were never considered during the making of the show. Tom Kenny and other production members were surprised and surprised that such a problem had arisen.
Dobson later stated that his comments were taken out of context and that his original complaint was not with SpongeBob or any of the characters in the video but with the organization sponsoring the video, We Are Family Foundation. Dobson noted that the foundation had posted pro-homosexual material on its website, but later deleted it. After the controversy, John H. Thomas, general leader and president of United Church of Christ, said that they would welcome SpongeBob in their ministry. He said, "Jesus did not drive people away, neither did we."
Jeffrey P. Dennis, author of the journal article "The Same Things We Do Every Night: Signing Same Sex Desires in Cartoon Television", argues that SpongeBob and Sandy are not romantic in love, adding that he believes SpongeBob and Patrick are "paired with erotic intensity "Dennis noted both" are not consistently coded as romantic partners, "because they live in separate dwellings, and have different groups of friends, but state that in the series," the possibility of same-sex desire is never excluded. " Martin Goodman of Animation World Magazine describes Dennis's comment on SpongeBob and Patrick as "interesting."
In April 2009, in a tie-in partnership with Burger King and Nickelodeon, Burger King released an ad featuring SpongeBob and Sir Mix-a-Lot singing "Baby Got Back". Angry parents and Campaign for Commercial-Free Children protest advertising for sexist and inappropriate sex, especially given that SpongeBob fan base includes pre-school. Susan Linn, director of the Campaign for Free Commercial Children said, "It's bad enough when companies use a loved media character like SpongeBob to promote junk food to children, but it's totally disgraceful when the characters simultaneously promote a sexual image that is objectified and explicit. "In an official statement issued by Burger King, they claimed that" this campaign is aimed at parents. "
Cultural impact
Throughout the SpongeBob SquarePants process, the SpongeBob character has become very popular with kids, teenagers and adults. The popularity of the characters has spread from the original demographics of Nickelodeon from children aged two to eleven, to teenagers and adults, including college and celebrities such as Sigourney Weaver and Bruce Willis. Salon.com points out that SpongeBob's untamed innocence is what makes the characters so attractive. SpongeBob has also become popular among gay men, though Stephen Hillenburg says that there are no homosexual characters. The characters attract fans because of their flamboyant lifestyle and tolerant attitude.
In July 2009, Madame Tussauds wax museum in New York launched the SpongeBob candle statue. SpongeBob is the first fictional character to be shown in Tussauds. In May 2011, a new species of fungus, Spongiforma squarepantsii , is described in the journal Mycologia . This mushroom is named after a famous cartoon character. The authors note that the hymenium, when viewed with a scanning electron microscope, somewhat resembles "a seabed covered with a tube sponge, reminiscent of SpongeBob's fictional home." Although the nickname was initially rejected by editors of Mycologia as "too reckless," the authors insist that "we can name it whatever we like."
Characters are also a fashion trend. In 2008, American fashion designer Marc Jacobs wore SpongeBob's tattoo on his right arm. He explained that "Well, I only work with Richard Prince on collaborations for Louis Vuitton and Richard has done a series of SpongeBob paintings he has brought up in our conversation how he sees SpongeBob's artistic value as a cartoon and I rather love it so I do it." further added that "It's funny." Tattoos are portrayed by blogger and Perez Hilton TV personality as one of the "Worst Celebrity Tattoos". In the same year, A Bathing Ape released SpongeBob themed shoes. Singer Pharrell Williams supports a line of SpongeBob T-shirts and shoes targeted to hip adults. In 2014, this character includes a popular cultural icon that is referenced by American fashion designer Jeremy Scott in his debut collection Moschino at Milan Fashion Week.
In Egypt's Tahrir Square, after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, SpongeBob became a fashion phenomenon, appearing in a variety of merchandise ranging from hijab to boxer shorts. This phenomenon led to the creation of a Tumblr project called "SpongeBob on the Nile". The project was founded by American students Andrew Leber and Elisabeth Jaquette, and tries to document every SpongeBob appearance in Egypt. Sherief Elkeshta cites the phenomenon in an essay on the incoherent political situation in Egypt in an independent paper entitled Midan Masr . He wrote, "Why does not he [SpongeBob] at least hold a Molotov bomb? Or lift a fist?" This phenomenon has even spread to Libya, where a Libyan rebel in a SpongeBob gown is photographed celebrating the revolution.
Merchandising
SpongeBob's popularity translates well into sales figures. In 2002, the SpongeBob SquarePants doll was sold for 75,000 per week, which was faster than the sale of the Tickle Me Elmo doll at the time. SpongeBob has gained popularity in Japan, especially with Japanese women. The parent company Nickelodeon, Viacom, is targeting marketing to women in the country as a method to build the SpongeBob SquarePants brand. Skeptics initially doubted that SpongeBob could become popular in Japan because its character design is very different from the already popular design for Hello Kitty and Pikachu. The character also spawned a soap-filled sponge product manufactured by SpongeTech.
In early 2009, Simmons Jewelry Co. released a diamond pendant for $ 75,000 as part of the SpongeBob collection.
On May 17, 2013, Build-A-Bear Workshop introduced a new SpongeBob SquarePants collection in stores and online in North America. "For the first time, Build-A-Bear Workshop Guests can finally bring home the fun of underwater SpongeBob SquarePants and his friends," said Maxine Clark, founder and chief executive of Build-A-Bear Workshop. "We are delighted to be working with Nickelodeon to bring this iconic series and its fun characters to life in the Build-A-Bear Workshop." Buyers can dress SpongeBob and Patrick with a variety of clothing and accessories. Sandy Cheeks and Gary the Snail are also available as pre-filled minis. Build-A-Bear The national workshop store celebrates the arrival of SpongeBob with a series of special events from May 17 to May 19.
SpongeBob also inspires vehicle design. On July 13, 2013, Toyota, along with Nickelodeon, launched the Toyota Highlander SpongeBob - which was inspected. Toyota Highlander 2014 launched on SpongeBob Day in game Giants v. Padres San Diego. The
References
Bibliography
External links
- SpongeBob SquarePants in Toonopedia Don Markstein. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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