William Manchester

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William Raymond Manchester (April 1, 1922 - June 1, 2004) is an American author, biographer, and historian. He is the author of 18 books that have been translated into more than 20 languages. He was awarded the National Humanities Medal and Abraham Lincoln Literary Award.

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Manchester was born in Attleboro, Massachusetts, and grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts. His father served in the US Marine Corps during World War I. After his father's death, and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, William Manchester was also registered in the Marine Corps. However, he was ordered back to college until called. Initially he joined the School of Army Candidates but was dropped before receiving a commission. After being granted a corporal rank, he was sent to Guadalcanal in 1944 for further training. Though he was expected to serve in Europe, Manchester eventually found himself at the Pacific Theater. He served in the final campaign of the Pacific War on the island of Okinawa, severely injured on June 5, 1945, and was promoted to sergeant in July and was awarded Purple Heart. The Manchester war experience formed the basis for his personal account of the Pacific Theater, Goodbye, Darkness: A Memoir of Pacific War . In this memoir, Manchester uses personal anecdotes from his service in Okinawa in his description of combat in Guadalcanal, Tarawa and Saipan. He stated this on the final note, and clearly refused any attempt on a chronological account. Manchester's portrayal of his part in combat in Guadalcanal is a literary instrument.

Manchester also wrote about World War II in several other books, including first and second volumes and, according to a C-SPAN interview in December 2012 with co-author Paul Reid, a fraction of the third volume of three biographical sections, , from Winston Churchill. Manchester also wrote a biography of General Douglas MacArthur, American Caesar .

Manchester worked as a copyboy for Daily Oklahoman in 1945 before returning to college. In 1946, he completed the B.A. from Massachusetts State College, and in 1947 he obtained his master's degree from the University of Missouri.

Manchester married Julia Brown Marshall on March 27, 1948, and they had one son and two daughters.

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Journalist and professor

In 1947, Manchester worked as a reporter for The Baltimore Sun . There he met journalist H. L. Mencken, who became his friend and mentor, and was also the subject of Manchester's master's thesis and first book, Disturber of the Peace . Biography, published in 1951, Mencken's profile, a self-described "conservative anarchist" that made him the author, editor, and political scholar of the 1920s. In 1953, Manchester published his novel The City of Angers, located in Baltimore and dealing with inner city life and the number of rackets, a subject that Manchester has studied as a city reporter.

In 1955, Manchester became editor for Wesleyan University and Wesleyan University Press and spent the rest of his career at university. For the academic year 1959-1960, he was a Fellow of the Faculty at the Wesleyan Center for Advanced Studies. He later became professor of history, professor emeritus, and writer-in-residence at the university. During his relationship with Wesleyan University, Manchester developed an intense writing regimen that he obeyed for most of his life, often writing non-stop for up to 50 hours each time. He described the experience as follows: "I will work all day, all night, all the next day, all the next night and enter the third day I will look at the clock, and it will be 3:30 in the afternoon, and I will say, 'Oh boy, I have three more hours to write.' I just love it. "

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JFK Assassination

His best-selling book, The Death of a President (1967), is a detailed account of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, who has been the subject of a previous book by Manchester. In 1964, Manchester was commissioned by the Kennedy family to write a book. Manchester, who retraced the movements of President Kennedy and Lee Harvey Oswald before the assassination, concluded, based on his studies of Oswald's psychology and their similar training as Sea snipers, that Oswald had acted on his own. Manchester got support from Robert and Jacqueline Kennedy, but then quarreled with Robert about the treatment of Manchester President Lyndon B. Johnson.

Before the book was published, Jacqueline Kennedy filed a lawsuit to prevent his publication, even though he had previously ratified it. The lawsuit was resolved in 1967, reportedly with Manchester agreeing to drop certain parts relating to the details of the Kennedy family life. In response, satirist Paul Krassner published an article entitled "Remaining Sections of the Kennedy Book", which envisioned scandal-censored matter. In his collection of essays Controversy (1977), Manchester detailed Kennedy's efforts to suppress the book. The book was best-seller when released, but was allowed to print until 1988. The book was reissued in October 2013.

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Next life

In 2001, President George W. Bush presented Manchester with the National Humanities Medal. Manchester is also the recipient of the Abraham Lincoln Literary Award, among other awards. After his wife's death in 1998, Manchester suffered two strokes. He announced that he would not be able to complete the planned third volume of the three parts of Churchill's biography, The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Defense of Realm, 1940-1965 . He was initially reluctant to collaborate with anyone to finish work, but in October 2003, he asked Paul Reid, a friend and writer for The Palm Beach Post to complement his Churchill biography.

Manchester died at age 82 on 1 June 2004.

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Bibliography

• Peace robbers: Life of H.L. Mencken (1951)
• The City of Anger , a novel. (1953)
• Shadow of the Monsoon (1956)
• Rockefeller Family Portrait , from John D. to Nelson (1959)
• Beard the Lion (Cairo Intrigue) , a novel (1959)
• The Long Gainer , a novel (1961)
• Portrait of a President , profile of John F. Kennedy (1964)
• Presidential Death: 20 - 25 November (1967)
• Krupp Weapons: The Revival and Fall of the German Armed Industrial Dynasty in the War (1968)
• Glory and Dreams: A Narrative American History, 1932-1972 (1974)
• Controversies and other essays in journalism (1976)
• American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur 1880-1964 (1978)
• On Mencken , essay (1980)
• Goodbye, Darkness: A Memoir of the Pacific War (1980) Where Manchester revisits Bataan Death March, the narrative goes long after the war, conversations with Japan about their memories of the rallies, and smart engagement with historical records.
• One Brief Shining Moment: Given Kennedy (1983)
• Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Visions of Glory, 1874-1932 (1983)
• "Okinawa: The Bloodiest..." , essay. (1987)
• Last Lie: Winston Spencer Churchill: Alone 1932-1940 (1988)
• In Our Time: The World as Seen by the Magnum Photographer. New York; London: W W Norton & amp; Co Inc, 1989. ISBNÃ, 0-393-02767-8. With an essay by Manchester ("Picture: Wide Angle"), Jean Lacouture ("The Founders") and Fred Ritchin ("What Magnum?"), And "Selected Bibliography and Bibliography" and "Magnum Bibliography and Chronology".
• The World Only Illuminated by Fire: Medieval and Renaissance Thoughts - Portrait of an Age (1992) ISBNÃ, 0-316-54556-2
• Magellan (1994)
• No End Save Victory (2001)
• Happy Darkness: A Memoir of the Pacific War (2002)
• The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill: Defenders of Realm, 1940-1965 (2012) (with co-author Paul Reid)

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Note

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External links

• William Manchester on Finding the Mausoleum
• Family photo archive
• William Manchester at IMDb

Source of the article : Wikipedia