Caravan (travellers)

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Karavan

caravan (from Persian: ?????? ?) Is a group of people traveling together, often doing trade expeditions. The caravans are used mainly in desert areas and along the Silk Road, where group travel helps defend against bandits and help to increase economies of scale in trade.

In ancient times, caravans connecting East Asia and Europe often carried luxury and profitable goods, such as silk or jewelry. Therefore, the Caravan requires a large investment and is a lucrative target for bandits. The advantage of a successful journey can be enormous, comparable to European spice trade in the future. Luxury items brought by the caravan attract many rulers along important trade routes to build caravanserais. A caravan is a roadside station that supports the flow of trade, information, and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa, and Southeastern Europe, especially along the Silk Road. Caravanserais provides water for human and animal consumption, washing, and ritual ablution. Sometimes they have a complicated bath. They also maintain food for animals and have a shop for travelers where they can get new supplies. In addition, some stores buy goods from mobile vendors.

However, the volume of caravans can be transported confined even by Classical or Medieval standards. For example, a caravan of 500 camels can carry only one-third or half of the goods carried by ordinary Byzantine sailing vessels.

Today's caravans in less developed regions of the world often carry important items through extremely difficult areas, such as the seeds needed for farming in dry areas. For example, a camel train crossed the southern edge of the Sahara Desert.

Video Caravan (travellers)

Also see

• Convoy
• Camel train
• Wagon carts

Maps Caravan (travellers)

Further reading

• Kevin Shillington (ed), "Tuareg: Takedda and trans-Sahara trade" at: African History Encyclopedia , Fitzroy Dearborn, 2004, ISBNÃ,Â,9595-245-1
• T. Lewicki, "Sahara and Saharians Role in Relationships between North and South", in: General History of UNESCO Africa: Volume 3 , University of California Press, 1994, ISBNÃ, 92-3-601709 - 6
• Fernand Braudel, World Perspective, vol III of Civilization and Capitalism 1984 (translated from French)

Antiquity and Middle Ages

• Trans-Sahara Gold Trade 7th-14th Century; Metropolitan Art Museum
• Renà © Mouterde, Andrà © Poidebard, Ã,  «La voie antique des caraf entre Palmyre et HÃÆ'®t, au IIe siÃÆ'¨cle aprÃÆ'¨s JÃÆ' © sus-Christ, d'aprÃÆ'¨s une prasasti retrouvà © e au Sud-Est de Palmyre (1930) Ã,  », Syria , vol. 12, no. 12-22, 1931, p. 101-115 (available online at: Persee.fr) (in French)
• Ernest Will, Ã, Â «Marchands et chef de caravanes ÃÆ' PalmyreÃ,», Syria , vol.34, No. 34-3-4, 1957, pp.Ã, 262-277 (available online at: Persee.fr) (in French)

17th century

• RenÃÆ' © CailliÃÆ'  © Jurnal d'un voyage ÃÆ' Temboctou et ÃÆ' JennÃÆ' ©, dans l'Afrique centrale, prÃÆ' © ca  © d'observations faites chez les Maures Braknas, les Nalous et autres peuples; pendants les annà ©  © es 1824, 1825, 1826, 1827, 1828: par Renà ©  © CailliÃÆ'  ©. Avec une carte iternà © raire, et des remarques gÃÆ' © ographiques, par M. Jomard, membre de l'institut. ImprimÃÆ' © ÃÆ' Paris en mars 1830, par l'imprimerie royale, en trois dan et un atlas. Une rÃÆ' © ÃÆ'  © dition en fac-similÃÆ' © a ÃÆ'  © tÃÆ' © rÃÆ' © alisÃÆ'  © e par les ÃÆ' © © 19 Anthropos. Downloadable version
  • modern edition: Voyage ÃÆ' Tombouctou . 2 volumes. Paris: La DÃÆ'Â © couverte, 1996 ISBNÃ, 2-7071-2586-5

20th century

• Lattimore, Owen (1928/9) The Desert Road to Turkestan . London, Methuen and Co; & amp; various editions. The caravan and organization logistics are covered in Chap. VIII, "Camel-Men All"
• Likehar, Kamal Ratna (2011). Caravan to Lhasa: Traders of Kathmandu in Traditional Tibetan. Kathmandu: Lijala & amp; Tisa. ISBN: 99946-58-91-3.

Contemporary caravans

Julien Brachet, Ã,  «Le nÃÆ' © goce caravanier au Sahara central: histoire, ÃÆ' © volution des pratiques et enjeux chez les Touaregs Kel AÃÆ'¯r (Niger) Ã, », Les Cahiers d'outre-mer , No. 226-227, 2004, p. 117-136 (available online at: Com.revues (in French) )

Michel Museur, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã,  © conomie caravanià ¨reÃ,: l'ÃÆ' © changing cells,  », Journal des africanistes , vol.47, No 2, 1977, pp.Ã, 49-80 (available online at: Persee.fr) (in French)

M'hammad Sabour and Knut S. VikÃÆ'¸r (eds), Ethnic Encounter and Cultural Change , Bergen, 1997, [1] Google Cache Last Retrieved January 2005.

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Reference

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External links

Media related to Caravan on Wikimedia Commons

Source of the article : Wikipedia